الفروع الرئيسية للعلوم العصبية


فروعمصطلحات ومواضيع رئيسيةطرق تجريبية ونظرية

علوم عصبية جزيئية وخلوية	behavioral genetics, neurocytology, glia, protein trafficking, ion channel, synapse, action potential, neurotransmitters, neuroimmunology	PCR, immunohistochemistry, patch clamp, voltage clamp, molecular cloning, gene knockout, biochemical assays, linkage analysis, fluorescent in situ hybridization, Southern blots, DNA microarray, green fluorescent protein, calcium imaging, two-photon microscopy, HPLC, microdialysis
علوم عصبية سلوكية	biological psychology, circadian rhythms, neuroendocrinology, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, neurotransmitters, homeostasis, dimorphic sexual-behavior, motor control, sensory processing, photo reception, organizational/activational effects of hormones, drug/alcohol effects	animal models (gene knockout), in situ hybridization, golgi stain, fMRI, immunohistochemistry, functional genomics, PET, pattern recognition, EEG, MEG
علوم عصبية للأنظمة	primary visual cortex, perception, audition, sensory integration, population coding, pain, spontaneous and evoked activity, color vision, olfaction, taste, motor system, spinal cord, sleep, homeostasis, arousal, attention	single unit recording, intrinsic signal imaging, microstimulation, voltage sensitive dyes, fMRI, patch clamp, genomics, training awake behaving animals, local field potential, ROC, cortical cooling, calcium imaging, two-photon microscopy
علوم عصبية تنموية	axon guidance, neural crest, growth factors, growth cone, neuromuscular junction, cell proliferation, neuronal differentiation, cell survival and apoptosis, synaptic formation, motor differentiation, injury and regeneration	Xenopus oocyte, protein chemistry, genomics, Drosophila, Hox gene
علوم عصبية إدراكية Cognitive Neuroscience	attention, cognitive control, behavioral genetics, decision making, emotion, language, memory, motivation, motor learning, perception, sexual behavior, social neuroscience, leadership development	experimental designs from cognitive psychology, psychometrics, EEG, MEG, fMRI, PET, SPECT, single unit recording, human genetics
علوم عصبية نظرية وحاسوبية	cable theory, Hodgkin-Huxley model, neural networks, voltage-gated currents, Hebbian learning	Markov chain Monte Carlo, simulated annealing, high performance computing, partial differential equations, self-organizing nets, pattern recognition, swarm intelligence
العلوم العصبية للأمراض والشيخوخة	dementia, peripheral neuropathy, spinal cord injury, autonomic nervous system, depression, anxiety, Parkinson's disease, addiction, memory loss	clinical trials, neuropharmacology, deep brain stimulation, neurosurgery
هندسة عصبونية Neural engineering	Neuroprosthetic, brain-computer interface
لسانيات عصبية	language, Broca's area, generative grammar,

merciiiiiiiiiiii